Formatted Contents Note:
Europe and the aftermath of Napoleon. 1. The Congress of Vienna and the Metternich era -- 2. 1848 : an opportunity lost? -- Intellectual currents. 3. The two problems of romanticism -- 4. Social Darwinism and Darwin : are they related? -- 5. Marx and Marxism : three recent evaluations -- The new statesmen. 6. Napoleon III : some conflicting verdicts -- 7. Cavour and the moderates : creators of a united Italy or saboteurs of democratic revolution? -- 8. Otto von Bismarck : "The Bismarck problem" -- 9. Disraeli and Gladstone : "'empirical realism' vs. 'righteous passion"" -- Imperialism. 10. The "new imperialism" -- Europe in the twentieth century. 11. The origins of World War I : a survey and a return to the Kriegsschuldfrage -- 12. The Treaty of Versailles : a Carthaginian peace? -- 13. Fascism -- 14. Stalin and the Soviet Union : the fulfillment or perversion of Marxism -- Leninism? -- 15. The origins of World War II : a controversial interpretation -- 16. The problem of twentieth century revolutions.
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