Introduction / William L Thompson -- PART ONE: OVERVIEW AND BASIC CONCEPTS -- Sampling rare populations / Lyman L. McDonald -- Separating components of detection probability in abundance estimation: an overview with diverse example / Kenneth H. Pollock, Helene Marsh, Larissa L. Bailey, George L. Farnsworth, Theodore R. Simons, and Mathew W. Alldredge -- Indexes as surrogates to abundance for low-abundance species / Paul B. Conn, Larissa L. Bailey, and John R. Sauer -- PART TWO: SAMPLING DESIGNS FOR RARE SPECIES AND POPULATIONS -- Application of adaptive sampling to biological populations / David R. Smith, Jennifer A. Brown, and Nancy C.H. Lo -- Two-phase adaptive stratified sampling / Bryan F.J. Manly -- Sequential sampling for rare or geographically clustered populations / Mary C. Christman -- PART THREE: ESTIMATING OCCUPANCY -- Occupancy estimation and modeling for rare and elusive populations / Darryl I. MacKenzie, J. Andrew Royle, Jennifer A. Brown, and James D. Nichols -- A Bayesian approach to estimating presence when a species is undetected / James T. Peterson and Peter B. Bayley -- Searching for new populations of rare plant species in remote locations / Elizabeth L. Poon and Chris R. Margules -- PART FOUR: ESTIMATING ABUNDANCE, DENSITY, AND OTHER PARAMETERS -- Using noninvasive genetic sampling to detect and estimate abundance of rare wildlife / Lisette P. Waits -- Photographic sampling of elusive mammals in tropical forests / K. Ullas Karanth, James D. Nichols, and N. Samba Kumar -- Using probability sampling of animal tracks in snow to estimate population size / Earl F. Becker, Howard N. Golden, and Craig L. Gardner -- Sampling rockfish populations: adaptive sampling and hydroacoustics / Dana H. Hanselman and Terrance J. Quinn II -- Survival estimation in bats: historical overview, critical appraisal, and suggestions for new approaches / Thomas J. O'Shea, Laura E. Ellison, and Thomas R. Stanley -- Evaluating methods for monitoring populations of Mexican Spotted Owls: a case study / Joseph L. Ganey, Gary C. White, David C. Bowden, and Alan B. Franklin -- PART FIVE: THE FUTURE -- Future directions in estimating abundance of rare or elusive species / William L. Thompson.
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