An education evaluation program was begun in 1950: (1) to compare school achievement of Indian and white children in small, rural schools, grades 4 through 12, and (2) to establish a predictive testing program to aid in meeting the requirements for granting educational loans to Indian pupils. By 1955, California Achievement Tests had been administered to 23,608 pupils (58 percent of whom were Indian) attending Federal, public, and mission schools in 11 States. Results were compared by administrative areas of the bia, by race-school groups, and by skill achievement. The results indicated that, in general, Indian pupils did not achieve as well as white pupils. The second activity of the program was the development of a battery of 5 tests, which by 1955 had been administered to 2,221 Indian college and business school applicants. Test results and performance data from the validation subjects were used to construct pass-fail expectancy tables for use in predicting college and business school performance.